The Exemption of Some from this Obligation:
The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said: “Attending the Jumu`ah in congregation is an obligatory duty upon every Muslim except for slaves, women, children and the sick.”
Authenticated by Al-Haakim (1/288), and Adh-Dhahabee agreed, An-Nawawee (558), Ibn Katheer (Irshaad-ul-Faqeeh, 1/191), Ibn Rajab (Fath-ul-Baaree, 5/327), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Al-Badr, 4/636; Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 1/487) and Al-Albaanee (Saheeh Abee Daawood, 4/232-234; Al-Irwaa’, 592; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3111).
Ibn Hajar indicated its authentication (At-Talkhees, 2/581).
The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said: “Jumu`ah is not obligatory on any traveller.”
Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 5405; Al-Irwaa’, 3/61) and others.
It is also narrated as a statement of Ibn `Umar and authenticated by Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Aathaar-us-Sahaabah, 1/466).
The Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and his companions (radiyallaahu `anhum) travelled for Hajj and other purposes but none of them performed Jumu`ah despite the congregating of a lot of people.
(C.f. Al-Irwaa’, 594).
